sun: Sun releases significant Solar Flare causing Radio Blackouts: What it is, how it looks and more

The Sun reportedly emitted a significant solar flare on April 16, 2022, peaking at 11:34 p.m. EST. The image of the event was captured by NASA‘s Solar Dynamics Observatory, which watches the Sun constantly. The image shows a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that is said to highlight the extremely hot material in flares. This recent flare has been classified as an X-Class flare. Here X-class denotes the most intense flares.
What is Solar Flare
According to Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC), “Solar flares are large eruptions of electromagnetic radiation from the Sun lasting from minutes to hours. The sudden outburst of electromagnetic energy travels at the speed of light, therefore any effect upon the sunlit side of Earth’s exposed outer atmosphere occurs at the same time the event is observed. The increased level of X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation results in ionization in the lower layers of the ionosphere on the sunlit side of Earth. Under normal conditions, high frequency (HF) radio waves are able to support communication over long distances by refraction via the upper layers of the ionosphere.”
What causes Radio Blackouts during Solar Flare
According to SWPC, when a strong enough solar flare occurs, ionization is produced in the lower, more dense layers of the ionosphere (the D-layer), and radio waves that interact with electrons in layers lose energy due to the more frequent collisions that occur in the higher density environment of the D-layer. This can cause HF radio signals to become degraded or completely absorbed. This reportedly results in a radio blackout – the absence of HF communication, primarily impacting the 3 to 30 MHz band. The D-RAP (D-Region Absorption Prediction) product correlates flare intensity to D-layer absorption strength and spread.
What is the prediction
According to SWPC, “Solar activity is expected to be active over the next week as these sunspots migrate across the visible disk.”